ABSTRACT
This study aimed to examine the relationship between hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), one of the indicators of diabetes, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), one of the indicators of inflammation. Raw data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2015-2017) was analyzed. Among the patients diagnosed with diabetes, 1,479 adults were selected as subjects for our study, and their HbA1c levels, hs-CRP levels, sex, age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, level of triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, hypertension, receipt of diagnosis, monthly average income, education, and drinking and smoking habits were recorded. Multiple regression analysis of hs-CRP was performed by dividing hs-CRP into quartiles using HbA1c as the dependent variable. In Model 1, sex, age, and BMI were adjusted, and in Model 2, sex, age, BMI, waist circumference, level of triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol, hypertension, and receipt of diagnosis were adjusted. In Model 3, Model 2 parameters along with monthly average household income, education level, and drinking and smoking habits were adjusted. HbA1c levels increased as the hs-CRP quartile increased, that is, 2nd Quartile=0.307, p=0.003; 3rd Quartile=0.431, p=0.001; and 4 th Quartile=0.550, p=0.001. Of the various factors related to diabetes, this study examined the relationship between inflammation and diabetes.
ABSTRACT
Candesartan and olmesartan are angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) used for the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. Quantitation methods for candesartan and olmesartan were developed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry following protein precipitation. Candesartan was separated using 5 mM ammonium formate (A) and 100% acetonitrile (B) and olmesartan was separated using 2 mM ammonium formate with 0.1% formic acid (A) and 100% acetonitrile (B). Separation was performed using an isocratic method with a Thermo hypersil GOLD C18 column. Electrospray ionization was used for analyte ionization and detection of candesartan, olmesartan, and the internal standards by multiple reaction monitoring. Developed method showed excellent linearity (r > 0.99) in the concentration range of 2–500 ng/mL for candesartan and 5–2,500 ng/mL for olmesartan. were 86.70–108.8% for candesartan and 87.87–112.6% for olmesartan. These methods were able to successfully measure plasma candesartan or olmesartan concentrations in hypertensive patients. This study can be used for pharmacokinetic studies of candesartan or olmesartan in humans.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: We evaluated early and late pulmonary hypertension (PH) in preterm infants and its relation with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). METHODS: Sixty-seven preterm infants 0.38 and TAPSE 0.38 than patients with mild BPD, and a significantly lower systolic EI and a significantly higher incidence of systolic EI < 0.81 than patients without BPD. CONCLUSION: Systolic EI, RV MPI, and TAPSE were well represented symptomatic early PH, while systolic EI and RV MPI could be useful parameters for identifying late PH in preterm infants with BPD, even if they did not present PH symptoms.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Birth Weight , Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia , Echocardiography , Heart Ventricles , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Hypertension, Pulmonary , Incidence , Infant, Premature , Parturition , Premature Birth , Tricuspid Valve InsufficiencyABSTRACT
A 3-year-old previously healthy boy was admitted because of a 1-week history of fever, abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. The initial laboratory tests showed hepatic dysfunction with disseminated intravascular coagulation. There was a large amount of pleural effusion, periportal edema, minimal ascites, and splenomegaly. He was initially managed with broad spectrum antibiotics with transfusion. Despite 2 days of treatment, the fever persisted and the results of the laboratory tests had worsened. Bacterial cultures from the blood, urine, pleural effusion, and ascites were all negative. He was finally diagnosed with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) based on the diagnostic criteria. Adenovirus was detected in the initial diarrhea and nasal swab specimens using polymerase chain reaction-based method. One year after chemotherapy with dexamethasone, cyclosporine, and etoposide, he is now healthy without evidence of disease recurrence. This is the first Korean case report of adenovirus-induced HLH in a previously healthy child.
Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Male , Abdominal Pain , Adenoviridae , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Ascites , Cyclosporine , Dexamethasone , Diarrhea , Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation , Drug Therapy , Edema , Etoposide , Fever , Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic , Methods , Pleural Effusion , Recurrence , Splenomegaly , VomitingABSTRACT
A 3-year-old previously healthy boy was admitted because of a 1-week history of fever, abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. The initial laboratory tests showed hepatic dysfunction with disseminated intravascular coagulation. There was a large amount of pleural effusion, periportal edema, minimal ascites, and splenomegaly. He was initially managed with broad spectrum antibiotics with transfusion. Despite 2 days of treatment, the fever persisted and the results of the laboratory tests had worsened. Bacterial cultures from the blood, urine, pleural effusion, and ascites were all negative. He was finally diagnosed with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) based on the diagnostic criteria. Adenovirus was detected in the initial diarrhea and nasal swab specimens using polymerase chain reaction-based method. One year after chemotherapy with dexamethasone, cyclosporine, and etoposide, he is now healthy without evidence of disease recurrence. This is the first Korean case report of adenovirus-induced HLH in a previously healthy child.